Hence, two decades after the acme of the islamic revolutions efforts in exporting itself to the muslim world, the balance of irans achievements. But below, i will explain to you what the ideology of our tremendous islamic revolution truly is. The iranian revolution launched islam as a new liberating force in the eyes of many in the middle east. He also served several times as general secretary of the islamic republic party. The bbc revisits the iranian revolution in gloriously hammy style, while the klfs antics strike a surreal note still. The iranian revolution a history and analysis of the revolution in which socialists aligned themselves with islamists to overthrow the westbacked shah. Society in iran preislamic revolution by jake zuckerman on.
Most importantly, in failing to distinguish between the islamic republic and the islamic revolution, western policy decisions have frequently. Second edition the making of irans islamic revolution. Heres a brief history of the iranian revolution of 1979, in which islamic clerics overthrew shah pahlavi and. Many researchers believe that islamic revolution is a part of a turning point of an i. This is a video presentation in partial fulfillment of persyan 10.
The newsmagazine for teens tehran, iran s capital, was in a state of revolt on jan. The iranian revolution was the islamic revolution that replaced the secular monarchy of shah. Irans islamic revolution of 1979 discussion questions 1. Revolution is defined as a sudden, radical or complete change. Following the success of the revolution, the islamists instituted a theocratic dictatorship and wiped out the workers movement and the left. Civil resistance is a political action that relies on the use of nonviolent methods by civil groups to challenge a particular power, force, policy or regime. Do you believe his efforts were more or less modernizing. Just to be clear, iran, formally the islamic republic of iran, has nothing to do with the islamic state aka isisisil currently in iraq and syria.
For many sunni, the revolution, based as it was on khomeinis shia conception of rule by clericjurists, appeared sectarian and alien to them. The bbc persian service and the islamic revolution of 1979 massoumeh torfeh and annabelle sreberny in the recent political crisis in iran that followed the contested presidential elections of 12 june, 2009, bbc persian television henceforth bbcptv that had started in. An introduction to the islamic revolution of iran and its slogans panahi, m. Revolution, also referred to as the 1979 islamic revolution, demands that one analyzes the influence religion plays in revolutions and revolutionary ideology. The iranian revolution of 197779 was the first in a series of mass popular civil insurrections which would result in the overthrow of authoritarian regimes in dozens of countries over the next three decades. Background and causes of the iranian revolution wikipedia. The islamic revolution that reshaped the middle east book by charles river editors. During this second revolution of foreign policy strategy in the very late 1980s and early 1990s, a new iran surprisingly emerged on the international scene out of the severe isolation the world. The second obstacle to the iranian revolution was its failure to appeal to the people of other countries. Islamist revolutionaries opposed the western secular policies of the authoritarian shah of iran mohammed reza pahlavi supporters of ayatollah khomeini organized protests in opposition to the authoritarian government of the shah. Summary of 1979 islamic revolution for dummies the iranian. We digress for a moment to briefly explain why the iranian revolution is such an important case for understanding third world populism and the ideology of antiimperialism in general. The revolution and the iranian revolution 2172 words 9 pages.
This year is the 28th anniversary of the revolution that transformed iran from a monarchy ruled by the u. Supporters of ayatollah khomeini organized protests in opposition to the authoritarian government of the shah. Guardians of the islamic revolution deep blue university of. The reason for the revolution a violent overthrow of a government was that many iranians disliked the shah mohammed reza pahlavi ayatollah khomeini organized protests to overthrow the government. The new shah also owed his political survival to a 1953 coup engineered by the united states. Learn iran islamic revolution with free interactive flashcards. By looking at the historical, domestic, international, and socioeconomic factors related to the revolution, this case study examines the turbulent context of iranian society in.
Celebrating its 35th anniversary, irans islamic revolution shocked the world and redrew the map of global alliances. Here is an overview of the events that led up to the iranian revolution, as well as the events in the revolution and the aftermath. By roger cohen, new york times upfront newsmagazine for teens 1 tehran, irans capital, was in a state of revolt on jan. Society in iran pre islamic revolution role of women in society religions represented in the population of iran education system in iran typically mothers and house keepers until 1937 when they were allowed to attend universities. Islamist revolutionaries opposed the western secular policies of the authoritarian shah of iran mohammed reza pahlavi. An introduction to the islamic revolution of iran and its slogans. Supporters of the revolution are still the leaders of the country. The true story behind the secret mission to save six americans during the iran hostage crisis and the foreign ambassador who worked with the cia to bring them home hardcover. The iranian revolution is a thorough history of the iranian revolution. The islamic revolution occurred in 1979, in the muslim majority country of iran. Economic decline and revolutionary turmoil in the 1970s even though the peak of the revolution was in 1979, key preliminary events occurred throughout the mid 1970s. Sixth, the land reform generated acrimony between the ulama and the shahs regime. What policies did he implement that did not reflect modernization. The safavid dynasty ruled iran until 1722, when an afghan army invaded the country and captured isfahan.
The iranian revolution past, present and future brought the safavids into direct conflict with the ottoman empire and led to two centuries of intermittent warfare between those two powerful states. In 1987, marvin zonis and daniel brumberg observed a paradox in the success of the iranian revolution at home and abroad. There were more than 40,000 vaqfholdings lands endowed for charitable purposes in 1960. The iranian revolution 1977 1979 download pdf version by stephen zunes april 2009. The islamic republics quest for global power hardcover by.
The islamic revolution impacted other islamic countries by showing how to fight against modernization. The iranian revolution has been called a revolution for every theory, and indeed many scholars have tried to analyze it through various theoretical lens parsa 3. The fundamentals of irans islamic revolution institute for global. With irans ruling clergy already preparing to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the 1979 islamic revolution, it may be too late to question whether or not the revolution was in fact islamic. During the islamic revolution in the iranian country, education was essential to the people. The enmity between iran and saudi arabia is a persistent feature of middle eastern geopolitics. Islamic revolution in iran that would alter this country forever. The iranian revolution past, present and future content. David menasheri, westview special studies on the middle east, oxford, boulder, san francisco. During this era, iran experienced a harsh economic downturn, urban. The iranian revolution was inextricably linked to religion, which is a cultural institution, a complex of symbols, articles of faith, and practices adhered to by a group of. Stanford journal of international relations the second. The iranian revolution is the only modern revolution which was deliberately and coherently fomented by a revolutionary movement consisting of different social classes united under the leadership of a senior shia cleric ayatollah ruhollah khomeini. The iranian revolution was the islamic revolution that replaced the secular monarchy of shah mohammad reza pahlavi with a religious republic led by ayatollah ruhollah khomeini its causes continue to be the subject of historical debate and are believed to have stemmed partly from a conservative backlash opposing the westernization, modernization and secularization efforts of the.
The iranian revolution also known as the islamic revolution or the 1979 revolution. The collapse of the monarchy the emphasis of recent scholarship on the role of the state, its re. The iranian peoples revolution is only a point in the start of the revolution of the great world of islam. Time line of the iranian revolution 1963 1975 1961 1981 1965 19791941 1953 1970 1980 1964 1962 1978. Iran s islamic revolution after the overthrow of the shah, an american ally became one of its biggest adversaries. The role and contribution of ayatollah ruhollah khomeini article pdf available may 2012 with 11,508 reads how we measure reads.
Chapter 1 the historical background chapter 2 notes on the history of iran chapter 3 the communist party of iran chapter 4 the february revolution of 1979 chapter 5 the basis of islamic fundamentalism chapter 6 the economics of counterrevolution. It featured an organized alliance of opposition groups, each with their own distinct grievances and revolutionary goals. Thirty years on, and better late than never, iran is a more prosperous country than under the pahlavi. Backlash loosens clerics grip on 1979 iranian revolution. At the first signs of escalating unrest in early 1978, neither iranian nor u. Overall, this war has been an extremely negative development for the 32. Religious elements of the 1979 islamic revolution september 30, 20 this case study investigates the social, economic, and political dynamics of 1970s iran that led the iranian people to accept, and then maintain, religion as the basis of a new political system after deposing mohammad reza shah pahlavi in 1979.
T he islamic republic of iran that emerged from the revolution of 1979 has lasted quite well. The shah made efforts to modernize iran both economically and socially. Gabriel, class analysis of the iranian revolution of 1979, are useful. The 1979 islamic revolution in iran was a reaction to the failure of shah reza pahlavi to meet the social and political needs of the people shah reza pahlavi westernized and modernized iran. An independent revolutionary iran could have provided economic and political assistance to kabul and mitigated its reliance on theussr. Irans islamic revolution after the overthrow of the shah, an american ally became one of its biggest adversaries. Shah wanted the western education because he believed that it was best for the iranian people. The iranian revolution was inextricably linked to religion, which is a cultural institution, a complex of symbols, articles. Since 1988 iran is officially known as the islamic republic of iran.
The population of iran has historically been between 98 and 99 percent muslim, of which the dominant portion, some 89 percent of total muslims, have been shia, the rest. Ayatollah khomeini start a movement base on pure islamic thought ashura and made a social movement that an islamic republic government concluded from that. Iran has a large population and a long history of nationhood, while saudi arabia holds significant oil reserves and is custodian of islams holiest sites. Marjane satrapi shelved 23 times as iranianrevolution. The islamic revolution and the iranian revolution essay 79 words 6 pages.
Iran is in fact a major regional enemy of the islamic state, compounded by the fact the former is shia and the latter is sunni. These latter comparisons enable us to assess the distinct significance of irans islamic revolution in world history. The islamic revolution occurred in 1979, in the muslim country iran. The iranian revolution there are various parties that have different viewpoints and opinions of the revolution. The 1979 iranian revolution was a major landmark in iranian history. An introduction to the islamic revolution of iran and its.
Iran islamic republic ofs constitution of 1979 with. Iran is an important test case firstly because until the revolution, iran was one of three key prowestern strongholds in the middle east necessary for suppressing local worker demands and keeping oil production cheap the others being israel and saudi arabia. Iranian revolution, popular uprising in 197879 that resulted in the fall of the pahlavi dynasty and the establishment of an islamic republic. The islamic revolution that reshaped the middle east by charles river editors. Islamic revolution background research maurawhite1. Choose from 500 different sets of iran islamic revolution flashcards on quizlet.
The shah, iran s ruler for nearly four decades, had fled the country. Heres a brief history of the iranian revolution of 1979, in which islamic clerics overthrew shah pahlavi and established the islamic republic of iran. The transformation of the state from a secular and nationalist monarchy to a. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Its challenge to the west the ideological engine powering the iranian regimes race for regional supremacy is among the more misunderstood and ignored aspects of irans political and military activity in. The iranian revolution was inextricably linked to religion, which is a cultural. The bbc persian service and the islamic revolution of 1979. Iranian revolution, also called islamic revolution, persian enqelabe eslami, popular uprising in iran in 197879 that resulted in the toppling of the monarchy on february 11, 1979, and led to the establishment of an islamic republic. Thread the ideology of the iranian revolution has been called a complex combination of nationalism, political populism, and a return to the shia islamic way of life. The supremacy of polytheism was brought to an end by the islamic revolution, which replaced it with monotheism, making it the dominant creed of the times.
The newsmagazine for teens tehran, irans capital, was in a state of revolt on jan. Avaliable format in pdf, epub, mobi, kindle, ebook and audiobook. It has caused immense damage, in human and economic terms, to their countries. The uniqueness of the 1979 iranian revolution, also referred to as the 1979 islamic revolution, demands that one analyzes the influence religion plays in revolutions and revolutionary ideology. Over the next few months there issued from the council hundreds of rulings and laws, dealing with everything from bank. View 1979 iranian revolution research papers on academia. Sep 07, 2006 so we will look at what happened during the iranian revolution of 19781979. The revolution was mostly nonviolent, although there were incidents of armed struggle. Ahmed afzaal he iranian revolution is one of the major sociopolitical upheavals in recent history.
The process of an islamic revolutionii the iranian experience dr. The iranian revolution is exemplary because it reflects many of the great paradoxes of capitalist modernity. Suraye enqelabe eslami was a group formed by ayatollah ruhollah khomeini to manage the iranian revolution on 10 january 1979, shortly before he returned to iran. Iran is as committed to exporting the islamic revolution today as it was in 1979. Nov 25, 2019 heres a brief history of the iranian revolution of 1979, in which islamic clerics overthrew shah pahlavi and established the islamic republic of iran.
He was appointed to the council of the islamic revolution in 1979, and between 1979 and 1981 he was a member of the majlis, serving as deputy minister of defense, commander of the revolutionary guard, and representative on the supreme council of defense. Causes and consequences for regional stability leicester university dissertation. Islamic revolution simple english wikipedia, the free. The iran islamic revolution of 1979 summary youtube. Postwar iraq together with additional views, 25 may 2007. Two artciles, one by moojan momen, the religious background of the 1979 revolution in iran, and another by satya j. Iranian export of revolution doctrine and implementation. Iran s revolution began with a popular democracy movement and ended with the establishment of the world s first islamic state. Iranian revolution and the islamic republic, its impact on the relationship between the state and.